IMR Press / RCM / Volume 16 / Issue 3 / DOI: 10.3909/ricm0780

Reviews in Cardiovascular Medicine (RCM) is published by IMR Press from Volume 19 Issue 1 (2018). Previous articles were published by another publisher in Open Access under a CC-BY (or CC-BY-NC-ND) licence, and they are hosted by IMR Press on imrpress.com as a courtesy and upon agreement with MedReviews, LLC.

Open Access Review
Coronary Plaque Characteristics Affect No-Reflow During Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: A Pooled Analysis of 14 Observational Studies Using Intravascular Ultrasound
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1 Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical College, Jiangsu 221002, China
2 Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Xuhui Central Hospital, Shanghai, China
Rev. Cardiovasc. Med. 2015, 16(3), 200–213; https://doi.org/10.3909/ricm0780
Published: 30 September 2015
Abstract
The association between coronary plaque composition and no-reflow during percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is still debated. We performed a systematic literature search using MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane, and Ovid databases for intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) studies evaluating the relationship between coronary plaque characteristics and no-reflow after PCI. Fourteen observational trials were included in the meta-analysis, including 1457 patients (237 in the no-reflow group, 1220 in the normal reflow group). Pooled analysis indicated that the no-reflow group had a significantly higher absolute volume of fibrofatty plaque (weighted mean differences [WMD], 4.94 mm3; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.83-8.06; P < .002), external elastic membrane cross-sectional area (EEM-CSA) (WMD, 3.40 mm2; 95% CI, 2.22-4.58; P < .00001), plaque area (WMD, 4.06 mm2; 95% CI, 2.24-5.89; .0001), and artery remodeling index (WMD, 0.09; 95% CI, 0.06-0.13; .00001), and a smaller percentage of fibrous plaque (WMD, -5.89 %; 95% CI, -0.66 to -11.12; .03) than in the normal reflow group. There were no significant differences in the other plaque components between the two groups. This meta-analysis confirmed that high absolute volume of fibrofatty plaque, EEM-CSA, plaque area, and coronary artery remodeling index, and a decreased percentage of fibrous plaque as detected by IVUS in culprit lesions, are linked with the development of the no-reflow phenomenon after PCI.
Keywords
No-reflow phenomenon
Plaque characteristics
Intravascular ultrasound
Coronary disease
Meta-analysis
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