Background: This study aimed to investigate the detection of
periodontal indicators in pregnant women with periodontal disease and its impact
on pregnancy outcomes. Our goal is to provide guidance for the clinical diagnosis
and outcome prognosis evaluation for pregnant patients. Methods: From
August 2020 to February 2021, we conducted a study to investigate the detection
of periodontal indicators in pregnant women with periodontal disease and its
impact on pregnancy outcomes. A total of 84 pregnant women with periodontal
disease were selected as the experimental group, while 86 pregnant women with
normal periodontal health during pregnancy were selected as the control group.
The general data of the women in both groups postpartum were similar. We measured
the volume of gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) obtained and determined the
concentration of interleukin-1 beta (IL-1) in the GCF. This research
aimed to provide guidance for clinical diagnosis and pregnancy outcome prognosis.
Results: The experimental group exhibited significantly higher levels of
periodontal indicators such as the Simplified Oral Hygiene Index (sulcus bleeding
index, SBI), probing depth (PD), and Oral Hygiene Index-Simplified (OHI-S)
compared to the control group. Conversely, the clinical attachment levels (CAL)
in the experimental group were significantly lower than those in the control
group. Additionally, the IL-1 levels and GCF levels in the experimental
group were significantly higher than those in the control group. Furthermore, the
incidence of adverse pregnancy outcomes in the experimental group was 2 patients
(2.38%), which was significantly lower compared to the control group where it
was 13 (15.11%). The adverse pregnancy outcomes included amniotic fluid
contamination, premature delivery, and low body weight. Conclusions: We
observed that periodontal indicators, including OHI-S, CAL, SBI, and PD, were
significantly elevated in pregnant women with periodontal disease. Additionally,
we found that IL-1 levels had a substantial influence on pregnancy
outcomes, such as amniotic fluid contamination, premature delivery, and low birth
weight.