Astro-grid in the brain is analogous to an industrial power grid. Left: astrocytes in an isopotential syncytium, or astro-grid. Right: an industrial power grid system. The similarity of running and maintaining an isopotentiality in both systems make the astro-grid analogous to the industrial power grid. The structural similarities between the cables, connectors, and electricity generators in a power grid and astrocyte processes, gap junctions, mitochondria/K{}^{+} channels in an astro-grid, respectively, are illustrated. K{}^{+}, potassium ions.