IMR Press / RCM / Volume 24 / Issue 12 / DOI: 10.31083/j.rcm2412350
Open Access Review
Closing the Gaps in Care of Dyslipidemia: Revolutionizing Management with Digital Health and Innovative Care Models
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1 Department of Medicine, New York City Health and Hospitals/Jacobi Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
2 Division of Cardiology, Montefiore Medical Center/Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10467, USA
3 CGH Medical Center, Sterling, IL, and Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 61081, USA
4 Division of Cardiovascular Disease, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
5 Digital Health Lab, Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease, Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
6 Division of Cardiology, The Permanente Medical Group, Kaiser Permanente, Oakland, CA 94611, USA
7 Division of Cardiovascular Prevention and Wellness, Houston Methodist DeBakey Heart & Vascular Surgery, Houston, TX 77030, USA
8 Center for Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease, Section on Cardiovascular Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27101, USA
9 Office of the Vice Provost (Research), The Aga Khan University, 74800 Karachi, Pakistan
10 Division of Cardiology, The Texas Heart Institute/Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
*Correspondence: lslipczukb@montefiore.org (Leandro Slipczuk)
Rev. Cardiovasc. Med. 2023, 24(12), 350; https://doi.org/10.31083/j.rcm2412350
Submitted: 8 June 2023 | Revised: 23 September 2023 | Accepted: 18 October 2023 | Published: 13 December 2023
(This article belongs to the Section Cardiovascular Quality and Outcomes)
Copyright: © 2023 The Author(s). Published by IMR Press.
This is an open access article under the CC BY 4.0 license.
Abstract

Although great progress has been made in the diagnostic and treatment options for dyslipidemias, unawareness, underdiagnosis and undertreatment of these disorders remain a significant global health concern. Growth in digital applications and newer models of care provide novel tools to improve the management of chronic conditions such as dyslipidemia. In this review, we discuss the evolving landscape of lipid management in the 21st century, current treatment gaps and possible solutions through digital health and new models of care. Our discussion begins with the history and development of value-based care and the national establishment of quality metrics for various chronic conditions. These concepts on the level of healthcare policy not only inform reimbursements but also define the standard of care. Next, we consider the advances in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk score calculators as well as evolving imaging modalities. The impact and growth of digital health, ranging from telehealth visits to online platforms and mobile applications, will also be explored. We then evaluate the ways in which machine learning and artificial intelligence-driven algorithms are being utilized to address gaps in lipid management. From an organizational perspective, we trace the redesign of medical practices to incorporate a multidisciplinary team model of care, recognizing that atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk is multifaceted and requires a comprehensive approach. Finally, we anticipate the future of dyslipidemia management, assessing the many ways in which atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease burden can be reduced on a population-wide scale.

Keywords
dyslipidemia
gaps in care
atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease
atherosclerosis
technology
telehealth
lipid-lowering therapy
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