IMR Press / RCM / Volume 25 / Issue 1 / DOI: 10.31083/j.rcm2501020
Open Access Original Research
Diagnostic Performance of Noninvasive Coronary Computed Tomography Angiography-Derived FFR for Coronary Lesion-Specific Ischemia Based on Deep Learning Analysis
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1 Department of Cardiology, Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital, 710068 Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
2 Department of Cardiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 310018 Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
3 Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Intervention and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang, 310018 Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
4 Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, 100191 Beijing, China
*Correspondence: shouxiling@163.com (Xiling Shou); 18091819871@163.com (Haichao Chen)
These authors contributed equally.
Rev. Cardiovasc. Med. 2024, 25(1), 20; https://doi.org/10.31083/j.rcm2501020
Submitted: 19 April 2023 | Revised: 12 August 2023 | Accepted: 17 August 2023 | Published: 10 January 2024
Copyright: © 2024 The Author(s). Published by IMR Press.
This is an open access article under the CC BY 4.0 license.
Abstract

Background: The noninvasive computed tomography angiography–derived fractional flow reserve (CT-FFR) can be used to diagnose coronary ischemia. With advancements in associated software, the diagnostic capability of CT-FFR may have evolved. This study evaluates the effectiveness of a novel deep learning-based software in predicting coronary ischemia through CT-FFR. Methods: In this prospective study, 138 subjects with suspected or confirmed coronary artery disease were assessed. Following indication of 30%–90% stenosis on coronary computed tomography (CT) angiography, participants underwent invasive coronary angiography and fractional flow reserve (FFR) measurement. The diagnostic performance of the CT-FFR was determined using the FFR as the reference standard. Results: With a threshold of 0.80, the CT-FFR displayed an impressive diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) of 97.1%, 96.2%, 97.7%, 0.98, 96.2%, and 97.7%, respectively. At a 0.75 threshold, the CT-FFR showed a diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, AUC, PPV, and NPV of 84.1%, 78.8%, 85.7%, 0.95, 63.4%, and 92.8%, respectively. The Bland–Altman analysis revealed a direct correlation between the CT-FFR and FFR (p < 0.001), without systematic differences (p = 0.085). Conclusions: The CT-FFR, empowered by novel deep learning software, demonstrates a strong correlation with the FFR, offering high clinical diagnostic accuracy for coronary ischemia. The results underline the potential of modern computational approaches in enhancing noninvasive coronary assessment.

Keywords
coronary artery disease
coronary lesion-specific ischemia
fractional flow reserve (FFR)
computed tomography angiography-derived FFR (CT-FFR)
coronary computed tomographic angiography
deep learning analysis
Funding
2022ZDLSF02-03/Research and Development Program of Shaanxi Province
2021LJ-09/Science and Technology Talent Support Program of Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital
2021JY-24/Science and Technology Talent Support Program of Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital
Figures
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