Background: To evaluate the effect of distance, professional behaviour
education and guidance on reducing adverse pregnancy outcomes in women with
gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Methods: Women with GDM who had
undergone regular prenatal care and gave birth at Jinshan Branch of Shanghai
Sixth People’s Hospital from January 2019 to October 2020 were enrolled. A random
number table method was utilized to divide the patients into a control group (168
cases) and an intervention group (182 cases). In the control group, routine
prenatal education was conducted, while in the intervention group, in addition to
routine prenatal education, providers used video and the WeChat public platform
to regularly impart knowledge and behaviour education to women with GDM and
supervise the implementation of their actions. The pregnancy outcomes of the two
groups were compared. Results: ① Fasting plasma glucose (FPG),
2-hour postprandial blood glucose (2hPG) and glycohemoglobin (HbAlc) in the
intervention group were significantly lower than that of the control group
(p 0.05). ② In the intervention group, the thyroid
peroxidase antibody (TPOAb) positive rate was lower and free thyroxine (FT4) was
higher than that in the control group (p 0.05). The vaginal pH in
the intervention group was significantly higher than that of the control group.
③ Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), weight gain during pregnancy,
incidences of preeclampsia, polyhydramnios, preterm premature rupture of
membranes (PPROM), premature rupture of membranes (PROM), caesarean section,
puerperal infection, amniotic fluid pollution chorioamnionitis, macrosomia, large
for gestational age infant, neonatal care, neonatal hypoglycaemia, neonatal
pneumonia, detection rates of bacterial vaginosis (BV), vulvovaginal candidiasis
(VVC), Ureaplasma urealyticum (UU), Group B streptococcus (GBS), cleanliness
III/IV and positive rates of hydrogen peroxide, neuraminidase and leukocyte
esterase were all significantly lower in the intervention group than those in the
control group (p 0.05) and relative risk (RR) 1. ④ The
rates of trichomonas vaginitis (TV), Neisseria gonorrhoeae, chlamydia trachomatis
(CT), positive rates of N-acetyl-D-glucosaminidase (NAG), and proline
aminopeptidase (PA), and the incidences of oligohydramnios, foetal growth
restriction (FGR), placenta previa, placental abruption, foetal distress in
utero, postpartum haemorrhage, preterm infant, neonatal Apgar score less than 7
at one minute, neonatal abnormality, neonatal death, small for gestational age
and hyperbilirubinemia were lower in the intervention group than those in the
control group (p 0.05). Conclusions: WeChat group and other
online intervention measures were adopted for women with GDM. These are simple
interventions which can automatically upload, classify, and analyse data. An
increased use of telemedicine can closely supervise the intervention, adjust the
personalized plan at any time, effectively control blood sugar levels, maintain
vaginal microecological balance and reduce the occurrence of adverse pregnancy
outcomes.