- Academic Editor
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Background: Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is an autoimmune disease
characterized by immune response mediated islet beta cells destruction. However,
the mechanisms that cause immune response in TIDM are still under investigation.
Therefore, the goal of this study was to investigate the role of advanced
glycation end products (AGEs) in the regulation of the immune response in
peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from patients with T1DM.
Methods: PBMCs isolated from T1DM patients and control subjects were
used in the current study. Cytokines, AGEs related to glyoxalase 1 (GLO1),
methylglyoxal (MG)-derived AGEs were assessed longitudinally. Results:
The results of published T1DM PBMC microarray datasets using random-effects
meta-analysis models revealed immune responses in the PBMCs of patients with T1DM
compared with control subjects. Moreover, the activity of GLO1, which is the key
MG-metabolizing enzyme, was significantly reduced in PBMCs from T1DM patients. We
confirmed that, compared to the control subjects, GLO1 expression and activity
were markedly decreased and MG-derived AGEs were significantly accumulated in the
PBMCs from T1DM patients. In addition, phytohemagglutinin stimulated the
secretion of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-